For your class-time today, please complete the following activities and post to this site a rough draft of your informative speech.
1. Select a topic with the appropriate scope to fulfill the requirements of the speech (please refer to the handout provided in class for a review of the speech requirements). Remember that the topic should be something you are interested in/passionate about. It must also be a topic that you can illustrate to the audience that they would/should want to learn about.
2. Research the topic online to find unbiased, reliable, and current information about the topic. Remeber too that you will be required to cite at least one source that is not online when it comes time to give the speech.
3. Write a clear and concise thesis statement. The textbook discusses writing a thesis statement if you need assistance.
4. List your main ideas. These are the points that you must address in order to achieve your specific goal.
5. Write the body of your speech. To accomplish this, list your main idea and then use the research you gathered to explain the main ideas. Be sure to give consideration to transitions between each main idea.
6. Write the introduction. Now that you can see what the speech itself will look like, consider how you will introduce the topic with an appropriate attention-getter. Remember to then state your thesis and main ideas clearly. Finally write a transition into the first main idea (body of the speech).
7. Write the conclusion. Consider how to transition into a summarization of the main ideas that illustrate what the audience should understand to be informed about your topic. Think of a strong point to leave the audience with (consider why you feel this was a topic that the audience would want to be informed about).
8. Post the rough draft to this thread today (Wednesday, November 29, 2006) for full credit.
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General Purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the war between now-gen gaming consoles.
Thesis: Gaming consoles of the future (next-gen) have become gaming consoles of the present (now-gen), and have begun a technological war to sell more products.
Organizational pattern: Temporal
1. With the launch of the Sony PlayStation 3, followed by the debut of the Nintendo Wii, all of the next-gen gaming consoles have become now-gen.
A. The Xbox 360, PS3, and Nintendo Wii were all highly anticipated systems of the future a year ago, and are now technological advances of the present.
B. It began a few months ago when Microsoft released its sequel to the Xbox, called the Xbox360.
C. In the past month, Playstation and Nintindo have both released their newest and most technologically advanced systems.
D. It is safe to say that gaming consoles of the future (next-gen) have become gaming consoles of the present (now-gen), and have begun a technological war to sell more products.
(Let me begin by telling you about the first console that went from next-gen to now-gen at the end of September, 2006)
2. Microsoft took the approach of getting a head start on their competition by being the first to hit the market with the Microsoft 360.
A. After a slow-start at release, sales are flowing (6 million in two months)
B. Aiming at ten million sells by the end of 2006
C. Largest game library of the three
D. Xbox-live, an online interactive network
(The second now-gen console to hit the market was the highly anticipated follow-up to the PS2)
3. Sony followed Microsoft two months later with the PS3, which is technologically the most advanced of the three, however there is a good possibility that they will not lead their compitition.
A. First of all Sony had a shortage of consoles upon the release and stores quickly sold out.
B. The PS3 is the most expensive system of the three
C. Aimed at an older audience, more difficult games
(Not long after the PS3 was released, Nintendo follwed close behind with the unique Nintendo Wii)
4. The Nintendo Wii is considered the wildcard of the three due to the uniqueness of the controller called the Wii-mot, a hand held controller that uses sensors and resembles a television remote.
A. Aimed at a broader audience in hopes of attaining new gamers, for example female and elderly current non-gamers
B. Motion-sensing remote encourages gamers to get up off the couch and interact more with the game
C. Largest supply of consoles upon release
(Is it possible to know which company will sell the most systems?)
5. For now the answer is no because each system will have millions of fans that prefer on over the other.
A. It is too early to know for sure who will win the current console war of now-gen gaming systems, but if I had to make an educated guess I’d bet my money on Microsoft.
B. Microsoft has the oppertunity to match the Nintendo Wii’s fun factor with a similar motion-sensored controller.
C. It also has a big head start on the new Playstation system, and has the opportunity to make price cuts prior to the holiday season.
D. Can the Nintendo Wii’s fun factor or the PS3's high tech advances keep pace with Microsofts magic computer? you be the judge.
Joe Funderberg
Informative Speech Rough Outline
Rough draft outline
My Heart Hurts!
General purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about Heart attacks
Thesis: My heart hurts
Organizational pattern: Motivated sequence
Introduction
I. Have you ever had a sharp pain in your chest right where your heart is? That could be the first stage of a heart attack.
A. A heart attack occurs when the blood supply to part of the heart muscle itself (the myocardium) is severely reduced or stopped.
B. Medical term is myocardial infarction.
C. Happens when some of the coronary arteries are blocked from giving blood from the heart.
D. A heart attack is also sometimes called a coronary thrombosis or coronary occlusion.
II. I have never had a heart attack before but it is caused by:
A. Arteriosclerosis, or a build up of plaque.
B. The plaque can eventually burst, tear or rupture, creating a "snag" where a blood clot forms and blocks the artery which leads to a heart attack.
[There are many different symptoms and warning signs of a heart attack. Lets look at some.]
Body
I some of the symptoms are as follows.
A. Chest discomfort- most heart attacks involve discomfort in the center of the chest that lasts more than a few minutes, or that goes away and comes back. It can feel like uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness or pain.
B. Discomfort in other areas of the upper body. Symptoms can include pain or discomfort in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach.
C. Shortness of breath. May occur with or without chest discomfort.
D. Other signs: These may include breaking out in a cold sweat, nausea or lightheadedness
[Heart attacks are one of the main killers of our population.]
II. In case you do have a heart attack you should:
A. Not wait longer than a few minutes (no more than 5) before calling for help. Call 9-1-1
B. Calling 9-1-1 is almost always the fastest way to get lifesaving treatment.
C. Emergency medical services staff can begin treatment when they arrive an hour sooner than if someone drove to the hospital by car.
D. People who pass out before reaching the emergency room should receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
[Having a heart attack can be one of the scariest things that anyone can ever have. But once its over it will take time to recover from it.]
III. The recovering process is cardiac Rehabilitation.
A. Cardiac rehabilitation is a medically supervised program to help heart patients recover quickly and improve their overall physical and mental functioning.
A. Cardiac rehabilitation programs include:
B. Counseling so the patient can understand and manage the disease process.
C. Beginning an exercise program.
D. Helping the patient modify risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, high blood cholesterol, physical inactivity, obesity and diabetes. Evidence suggests that improving the plasma lipid and lipoprotein profile with diet, exercise and drug therapy benefits patients. And those who quit smoking significantly reduce their risks of another heart attack, sudden death, stroke and total mortality compared with those who continue to smoke.
E. Providing vocational guidance to enable the patient to return to work.
F. Supplying information on physical limitations
G. Lending emotional support.
[Now that you have heard how they happen, what to do, and how to recover let me conclude this by listing some ways to stay healthy after a heart attack.]
Conclusion
I. Physical Activities
A Regular aerobic physical activity increases your fitness level and capacity for exercise.
B. Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke and is linked to cardiovascular mortality.
C. Brisk walking, hiking, stair-climbing, aerobic exercise.
II. Moderate Intensity activities
A. Walking for pleasure, gardening and yard work
B. Housework, dancing and prescribed home exercise
C. Recreational activities such as tennis, racquetball, soccer, basketball and touch football
Abdiaziz Ahmed
COM110
11/28/2006
Jason D. Grant
Informative Speech Rough Draft
Types and classes of fire
General Purpose: To inform.
Specific Purpose: To inform the audience the four types of fire classification.
Thesis: Fire can be classified in four different classes
Organizational Pattern: Topical.
1. Fire has been a significant force since the beginning of life on earth, and has occupied a powerful role in shaping the physical and natural world as we experience it today. Historically, human societies have both feared fire as a natural, destructive force, and used fire to social and technological ends.
A. There are many ways fire can start but must fires fall into four classes. Including those started by accident or carelessness with hazardous materials and some times deliberately to destroy lives and properties.
B. By understanding the classification and types of fire you will be better positioned on fire safety and in the event of a fire starts.
2. As a security officer, I must become familiar with all the different types of fires that can occur and especially those most likely to occur at my site.
A. With over five years of working as a contracted security officer by General Services Administration (GSA).
B. I must yearly refresh train with the National Fire Protection Association’s (NFPA) System. Most commonly known as the diamond which is divided into four colored diamonds. Each diamond relates to a different type of hazard.
3. Fire is classified in four classes A, B, C and D (NFPA, 2001).
[Let’s follow the order and describe each one, first class A fire.]
1. Class A is made of combustible materials.
A. This materials include paper, cloths, leaves and wood.
What is the appendix?
The appendix is a closed-ended, narrow tube that attaches to the cecum (the first part of the large intestine).
What is appendicitis?
Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix. It begins when the opening from the appendix into the cecum becomes blocked. The blockage may be due to a build-up of thick mucus within the appendix or stool that enters the appendix from the cecum. The mucus or stool hardens, becomes rock-like, and blocks the opening
Signs and Symptoms
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea and/or vomiting soon after abdominal pain begins
• Abdominal swelling
• Temperature of 99° F to 102° F
• Constipation or diarrhea with gas
• Inability to pass gas
• Dull or sharp pain anywhere in the upper or lower abdomen, back, or rectum
• Painful urination
Diagnoses
• White Blood Cell Count
• Urinalysis
• Abdominal X-Ray
• Ultrasound
• Barium Enema
• CT Scan
• Laparoscopy
Treatments
• Appendectomy - surgical removal of appendix
• Laparoscopic appendectomy - surgery using miniature instruments
• Drainage
• Antibiotics
By:Morgan Namanny
Stress
Jeremy Fletcher
General purpose: to inform and identify
Specific purpose: to inform about what stress is, the affects, and resolutions to being stress free.
Thesis: There are three forms of stress ranging from mild, moderate, to severe. At each stage there is some harmful effect to you or those around you. Being able to identify these forms of stress, then you will able to avoid or be able to resolve it in a safe and healthy way.
Organizational pattern: Problem and solution. I chose this for because it helps me to go about and introduce a problem and then discuss the solutions.
Introduction: “Stress and anxiety are common and important responses to everyday life. With a stress in small doses can help us survive and/or react in dangerous situations. It could also help to motivate to fulfill responsibilities. How ever if it gets out of control it can have negative affect on our health or those around us.”[Rosen, PhD, Marvin. The Effects of Stress and Anxiety on the Family. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 2003.]
[Knowing what the stages of stress are and some possible things or events that might cause, stress is best way to go about avoiding it.]
Body: This leads me in to talking about mild, moderate, and severe types of stress. With each one of these types there are some type negative affect that makes one type worse than the other. Now, bear in mind that no two people are the same, so for each one of you it may vary.
Mild stress is the less of the three. This is seen as an “I for got to do something that was needed, can wait one more day or you’re running late for work.” Here, health issues are not a major factor in turn for the worse. You ma develop a slight headache that passes it a short while. But, nothing damaging.
Moderate, you are getting up there into the “I still have control, but I need a break.” This could be caused by working long hours to meet a deadline for example, or having to write a speech, even if you are planning a wedding. Now, you are getting into the possible missing a meal or sleep. Here you can get the tension headaches, stiff neck, and start to feel frustrated.
Severe stress is the worse for wear. For this you are looking into the most extreme case. This can be caused by the loss of a child or a loved one. Perhaps you lost you job or there is just too much going on that you can’t juggle each task. This leads to more dangerous health issues. Examples are getting a common cold, high blood pressure, which if aloud to progress can lead to a heart attack, then to DEATH. [Turkington, Carol. Stress Management for busy people. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 1998.]
[This is the last thing that anyone wants. This leads into what it is that we can do to either avoid or relieve the stress.]
Looking into what it is that is causing the stress in you life is the first step. Now, what is a suitable way for going about and dealing with the stress? This is going to be up to you on how you cope. Doing things as simple as stop what you are doing and walk away from the situation for a few minutes. Then there is the following list:
Hobbies
Exercise
Being with family and friends
Meditation
[There are some things to use to go about relieving stress. You just have to find out what works for you. For me it is surfing, golfing, or playing with my son.]
It doesn’t have to control you life or end it. Identifying the three types of stress being mild, moderate, or severe. Having an idea of what can cause stress so that you can avoid it is a plus to being stress free. When you do find yourself stressed out, remember there is always a way out. So, look inside you and do what it is that relaxes you.
General purpose: To inform
Specific purpose: To inform my audience on how to catch a bass.
Thesis: How to catch a bass.
Organizational pattern: Topical pattern
Intro:
I. Fishing may seem boring, but when you catch a 5lb bass, there aren’t too many things like it.
A. The first bass I caught.
B. I got lucky because it was a old farmers pond that was rarely fished.
II. It actually takes a lot of skill to catch a bass.
A. The type of lure you use.
B. Time of day you go.
C. Time of year you go.
D. Where to fish.
(We’ll start off with the types of lures you will need.)
Body:
I. There are many types of lures you can use for bass fishing, but I’ll you about the four types I like to use.
A. Rubber baits
1. Worms
2. Lizards
3. Crayfish
4. Tube baits
B. Crank baits
1. Deep runners
2. Mid runners
3. Shallow runners
C. Spinner baits
1. Short arm
2. Long arm
3. Flash
D. Top water baits
1. Torpedoes
2. Buzz baits
3. Poppers
(Now you know what kind of baits there are you need to know when to fish.)
II. The best time of day to go fishing is in the morning.
A. That is when the bass are most active.
III. The best time of year to go is spring time.
A. That is when the bass are spawning.
(Know you now when to fish next is where to fish.)
IV. Where to fish in a body of water.
A. Bass like to hang out near sum sort of structure in the water.
1. Stumps in the water
2. Fallen trees in the water
3. Trees growing in the water
4. Grass or weeds growing in the water
5. Docks or piers
B. Bass also like to hang out where the water takes a deep drop.
Conclusion
I. Know you now what types of lures to use when to go fishing and where to fish, its time to go fishing.
Wirth, Don. "The shakedown on Jigworms." Bass Master Dec2006: 80-81.
.
Kilby, Dave. "Susquehanna bassin'." Fishing in Maryland 2006 21-26
Kehde, Ned. "1000 winter bass & counting." In Fisherman
Dec 2006: 27-32.
"The Bass Book." Bass Pro Shops 2005: 182,139,111,.
Rick Davis
Carlotta Sommers
Motorcycle Helmets
General Purpose: To inform.
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the helmet laws in the United Sates
Thesis: When riding a motorcycle wearing a helmet should be not be optional. Motorcycle helmets save lives.
Introduction
I. Millions of Americans own and ride motorcycles.
A. Depending on the weather you may see a few hundred in one day. You will also notice one thing that all riders have in common, they all have on helmets.
B. Wearing a helmet is required by law, depending on what state you live in.
II. The state of Virginia requires that all every person operating a motorcycle shall wear protective helmets (3).
A. A person operating a motorcycle must use any face shields, safety glasses, or goggles, or have the motorcycle equipped with safety glass or a windshield.
B. Any person that is in violations of the law will be charged with a traffic infraction punishable by a fine of not more than $200.
C. For the fifth straight year, a proposal to ease Virginia’s motorcycle helmet law has been denied by the House of delegates(2).
[First I would like to show a variety of helmets that are used by different types of riders]
Body
I. Motorcycle helmets come in a variety of sizes, styles, and colors.
A. A motorcycle helmet has to be approved by the Department of Transportation in order for it to be street legal.
B. In order to make sure that a helmet is DOT approved it will have a sticker on the back of it
II. Motorcycle rides are very unique people. They want to stand out from the crowd.
A. Some who ride claim that wearing a helmet restricts your view.
B. Also rider like the freedom that they feel when they do have the option of not having to wear a helmet. They enjoy the wind blowing in their hair.
C. Restriction of a persons view while wearing a helmet has not been found by the Department of Transportation.
[Second, the helmet laws vary by state]
III. Of the fifty states, only 4 are 100% helmet law free.
A. Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, and New Hampshire
B. Twenty states have full helmet laws: Alabama, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Tennessee, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, District of Columbia, and West Virginia(1).
C. Nineteen states have helmet laws that exempt adult riders over the age of eighteen and have one year riding experience. Those states are: Alaska, Arizona, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Maine, Minnesota, Montana, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Utah, Wisconsin, and Wyoming(1).
D. Seven states have a more restricted law for riders between the ages 18 and 20: Arkansas, Florida, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, and Texas(1).
[Third, helmet laws should be the same in every state. If a person is over the age of 21 and has been riding for over one year than that person should have the option of not wearing a helmet]
Conclusion
I. If a person chooses not to wear a helmet they know that they are taking a big risk in the event of an accident .
A. People who do wear helmets are more likely to survive in an
accident.
References
1. Helmet Law Statues By State: http://usff.com/hidl/frames/50states.html
2. The Virginia Pilot: http:// home. hamptonroads. com/stories/print. cfm?story=99216&ran=147478
3. Virginia Statue, Title 46.2 Motor Vehicles. Subtitle III. Operation. Chapter 8.
Regulation of Traffic. Article 13. Motorcycles and Mopeds and All-Terrain Vehicles. Section 46.2-910
Mr,grant I still have to work on a few things. i hope this gives you an idea of where i am going.
Carlotta Sommers
Informative Speech Josh Gould
Verizon FiOS
Can you imagine having your Phone, TV, Internet and Cell phone all through one company? Well, now you can with Verizon’s Fiber Optic Service (FiOS). Verizon has developed a way to bring all of these services to any one who has a standard phone line (Land Line as some call it). However at this time FiOS is only available in certain areas; soon it will be available to every Verizon customer. This service will bring lower prices to the consumer and easier payment because one company takes care of everything.
Verizon, along with every other phone company, has always used copper wire that ran through the ground, and some times on telephone pole. Over these copper wires there is an analog signal that can carry voice. For years people have been using Modems that use sound noises over the phone line to communicate. The maximum speed you could achieve is 56Kbps. However the FCC has regulated to limit the speed to 53Kbps, because anything higher can interfere with other phone lines.
Many phone companies were able to run a digital signal over the same copper wires with out interfering with the analog systems. The first system was called Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN). This system allowed voice and data over the same wires, but allowed better data connection, and higher speeds than over analog. ISDN had speeds of 64Kbps, and usually came in pairs, so one ISDN connection was really 128Kbps. Each line of 64Kbps was called a B-channel. This system used its own pair of copper wires, and some times Voice would be carried over the digital system.
Later on Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) was developed, allowing the DSL and Voice signals to be used synonymously over the same pair of copper wires. Usually you would put An inline low-pass filter on your phone, because it would filter out any noises from the DSL signal that may interfere with the voice calls. DSL is able to send up to 8Mbps (8,000Kbps) over the line. Generally phone companies would let you download more then you can send at one time. The average fastest speed sold is 7.1Mbps down with 1Mbps upload. The nice thing about this system, is the power to run this is provided by the phone company, and the phone company has backup generators, so if the power was to go out, the phone lines would still run as normal. The average home was only wired up for two phone lines; some of the newer houses have the compatibility of 4 or 5 lines by default.
“FiOS is a fiber to the premises (FTTP) telecommunications service offered in the United States by Verizon. According to Verizon's Trademark (No. 3001081), FiOS is an Irish word for "knowledge". Also, FiOS is an abbreviation of Fiber Optic Service.”(Verizon FiOS Wikipedia) This service allows Verizon to offer Phone, TV, and Internet over the same wire. “An optical fiber or fibre is a thin, transparent fiber, usually made of glass or plastic, for transmitting light. Fiber optics is the branch of applied science and engineering concerned with such optical fibers.” (Optical Fiber Wikipedia) Verizon will run Fiber to each house, and install an Optical Network Terminal (ONT) on the outside of your house. The ONT gets its power from the house or location it is installed to. For each house, Verizon installs an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) for the ONT, so your phone will still work for a few hours if the power goes out. This can become a problem if your power is out and you need to make an emergency phone call after the UPS runs out of power.
The ONT will have four connections for phone lines, one connection for internet, and one for TV service. The phone connections are basically the standard POTS system, where you will have your current phones in your house. This is wired up with four phone lines by default; if more is needed it can be wired up as such. Then there is the connection for internet; this connection is your standard Ethernet connection. Verizon will wire one network connection inside your house, if you pay for the internet service. You also will have hookup for the TV service, this service is just like a cable service, except it’s brought to you by a phone company.
The advantages with FiOS in a business complex is that it will reduce the amount of wires ran from the phone company in to the building. Normally a phone wire that is ran in the building holds up to 100 phone lines. So if the building has 600 phone lines, it requires six phone wires. With the Fiber, all the phone lines can be on one wire of fiber. If there are more phone lines, there will be a larger UPS device to power the phone lines if power was to go out, possibly even a generator.
With the instillation of Fiber in to every home can give everyone an easier life style. With the ease of everything at one company, users have the ability to get Bulk discounts. However some people do not want their POTS system removed. You can refuse to keep it, however by default they want to remove it with out asking you. Some people seem not to care either way because their phones will still work as normal, if not better.
References
• Wikipedia (2006). Verizon FiOS. October 2, 2006, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verizon_FiOS
• Wikipedia (2006). Optical fiber. October 3, 2006, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_optic
• PR Newswire (2006). Verizon expands FiOS TV to FishHawk Ranch and surrounding areas in Florida. http://lw.pennnet.com/news/display_news_story.cfm?Section=WIREN&Category=&NewsID=138661
By: Josh Gould
What is Amateur Radio? How do Amateur Radio operators save lives?
General Purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: To inform the audience on what Amateur Radio is and how its operators are an important part in saving lives in disasters.
Thesis: Amateur Radio (often called Ham Radio) operators play an important role in saving lives when a disaster strikes.
Organizational pattern: Topical
Introduction:
I.Many people do not know what ham radio is or what its about.
A. Many people don't know what an Ham Radio operator is or what they do.
B. Ham Radio is a hobby enjoyed by people from all over the world. You may have heard of truck drivers and their CB (Citizens Band) radio. Ham Radio is somewhat like that, except much more complex, your able to reach very long distances, and need a license to operate. Most people have probably seen a Ham Radio operator while driving down the highway, but may have not realized it. They are often the people that have 6+ antennas on their car and look like a porcupine on wheels going down the road. They will often have Amateur Radio license plates with their call signs displayed on them. Mine for example, would read “KG4EHH” which is my Amateur Radio call sign.
C. Even though the main purpose of Ham Radio is to enjoy the hobby, it plays an important role in saving lives in emergency situations like tornado out brakes, 9/11, and Hurricane Katrina. I will discuss this more later.
II.There are different classes of ham radio operators and many ways to operate a ham radio
A. There are 3 Levels of Ham Radio operators.
1. The first class is Technician Class. To obtain this license you must pass a 35 multiple choice exam. With this license you are limited to frequencies above 30MHz (Megahertz).
2. The next class is General Class. First, you must pass the Technician exam, then pass the 5 word-per-minute morse code test, and finally pass the 35 question General exam. With this license you have all the privileges as the Technician Class licensee as well as portions of the Ham Radio bands below 30MHz.
3. The highest class is the Extra Class. In order to obtain this class of license you must do all of whats said above and pass a 50 question exam. With this license you are able to operate on all of the United States Amateur Radio bands.
B. There are many ways to operate a ham radio.
*Simplex Operation: This is direct radio-to-radio operation
*Repeater Operation: In this operation your radio sends a signal to a repeater, which then relays your signal to achieve long distance communications.
*HF Operation: HF (High Frequency) Operation is similar to Simplex, but this is when you operate in the Ham Radio bands below 30MHz. HF Signals can travel very long distances and this is the main operation ham radio operators use to communicate with other countrys.
*Satellite Operation: This is very similar to Repeater Operation but instead of communicating with a repeater on a mountain, you're communicating with a repeater in space and able to communicate with other countrys.
C. There are many more ways to operate ham radios, but I will only discuss those main 4 because of time constraints.
III.Ham Radio saves lives in disasters.
A. Ham Radio operators save lives when disasters strike. For example, when Hurricane Katrina hit Louisiana and Mississippi, ham radio operators saved many lives by relaying emergency messages form people in need of help to rescuers. One of the many examples is this story from MSNBC.com
“On Monday, Aug. 29, a call for help involving a combination of cell telephone calls and amateur radio led to the rescue of 15 people stranded by floodwaters on the roof of a house in New Orleans. Unable to get through an overloaded 911 system, one of those stranded called a relative in Baton Rouge. That person called another relative, who called the local American Red Cross. Using that Red Cross chapter’s amateur radio station, Ben Joplin, WB5VST, was able to relay a request for help on the SATERN network via Russ Fillinger, W7LXR, in Oregon, and Rick Cain, W7KB, in Utah back to Louisiana, where emergency personnel were alerted. They rescued the 15 people and got them to a shelter.”
B. Ham Radio operators have been saving lives for many years and will do so for many years to come. There are numerous emergency ham radio networks that save lives. The Hurricane Watch Network which serves the National Hurricane Center, SATERN (Salvation Army Team Emergency Radio Network) serves the Salvation Army, SKYWARN serves the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and send reports of tornadoes to them so they can send alert the public. Those are just a few of the many Amateur Radio networks the spring into action when disaster strikes.
Some people that have ham radio operators as neighbors complain about the big antennas in their backyard or see that car going down the road and think “Whats with all the antennas”. Hopefully next time you see that car that looks like a porcupine on wheels or have a neighbor with big antennas in his/her backyard yard you won't think of that person as an annoyance, but as someone who saves lives. Who knows, a ham radio operator may just save your life one day.
References
Ham radio operators to the rescue after Katrina:
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/9228945/
Amateur radio licensing in the United States:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amateur_radio_licensing_in_the_United_States
By: Kevin Cornwell
Rough Draft for informative speech for Duane Lamb/dualam1808
Title: Domestic Violence: A Criminal Act
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about domestic violence.
Thesis: In order to better understand the crime of domestic violence today we are going to look at exactly what domestic violence is, some predictors of domestic violence, and what can be done to eradicate it.
Introduction
I. Every nine seconds a woman is abused by her husband or intimate partner.
A. talking point
II. Domestic violence is a crime that is often swept under the rug as being between a man and a woman.
A. talking point
B. talking point
III. Domestic violence is a problem that somehow affect every one of us in this room at some time.
A. talking point
B. talking point
IV. As I mentioned, domestic violence is somethng that affect every one of us sometime in our lives; because of this I have done extensive research over this topic and hope to share some of the startling and disturbing information about domestic violence with you today.
V. Preview Statement:
Body
I. Let's explore exactly what domestic violence is.
A. talking points
B. talking points
C. talking points
Transition statement
II. Many times domestic violence is proceded by signs that may serve as clues to potential abuse.
A. talking points
B. talking points
Transition statement
III. Education is the key to eradicating domestic violence
A. talking points
B. talking points
C. talking points
Conclusion
I. In conclusion, during the 5-7 minutes of the speech thirty-five women have be abuse.
II. Hopefully, from the information I have given you today, you now know what domestic violence is, some signal that domestic violence may occur and some education tools.
III. I hope you now know a little more information that could enable you to recognize if someone you know is one of the 960,000 incidents of domestic violence that occur this year.
References Cited
Agata Plazewska
Drinking and Driving
General purpose: To inform
Organizational pattern: Topical/logical
Specific purpose:
To inform my audience of the danger behind drinking and driving, also to show them the possible outcome of this kind of action.
Thesis: Drinking and driving is the most frequent crime in the United States.
Introduction:
1.I am sure many of you have been drinking and driving in one occasion or another.
a)many people will have beer or two and they think that it is ok because they don't feel anything, but the truth is even you don't feel it, your reactions and respond on the road is affected.
b) Alcohol have huge effect on human body just one drink can affect your nervous system in many ways. Basically your nervous system slows down its functions. Alcohol adversely affects driving related skills such as vision, reaction time, judgment and the ability to divide attention. Intoxication decreases driving performance.
1.Statistics are horrifying, the amount of accidents cause by drunk drivers is grooving, alcohol related motor vehicle crash kills someone every thirty one minutes and nonfatal injures someone every two minutes, people don’t think of the consequences.
Let me tell you about the number of things that can happen to somebody under the influence of alcohol
Body:
1)There is few legal things that can happen to you if you will be cough by police while driving under the influence of alcohol,
a)you will go to jail at least for one night
b)you will loose your license
c)you will pay a big fine
All of this things can affect you but they will be temporary, serious thing happen if you will get in to an accident.
2) "Individuals who repeatedly drive after consuming quantities of alcohol, known as hard core of drunk drivers, cause up to 65% of serious auto collisions" (Simpson and Haley, 2002)
a)you can hurt yourself
b)you can hurt somebody else
c)you can become handicap
d)you can make somebody else a handicap
All of this legal things, injuries and deaths can be prevented.
3)Margaret C. Jasper list some of them in her book "DWI, DUI, and the Law."
Margaret C Jasper in her book "DWI, DUI, and the Law" listed some of them
a)Immediate suspension of driver's licenses of DWI offenders;
b)Zero tolerance laws for drivers younger than 21 years old;
c)sobriety check points;
d)Lowering the permissible BAC level to 0.08%;
e)Community-based approaches to alcohol control and DUI prevention;
f)Raising state and federal alcohol excise taxes;
g)Implementing compulsory blood alcohol testing when traffic crashes result in injury.
5)There is number of things you can do. It is not worth the consequences, there are many ways to prevent the situation, so help yourself and others.
A)if you are a host of a party, make sure there is a lot of non alcoholic drinks,
b)if you are serving alcohol prepare plenty of food,
c)don’t force your guests to drink, d)stop serving the alcohol two hours before the party is over,
e)if you see that somebody is drunk either call a cab or take away the keys from that person and let him or her to spend the night at your house.
f)If you are attending a party and you know that you will have a drink ask someone to give you a ride or call a cab,
All of this are a good ideas, but the easiest and safest way is to say no. All of the effects can be prevented so be smart about it, you can save your life and the life of others.
Conclusion:
Effects of driving under influence can make your life stressful and difficult. You can get hurt or you can hurt somebody. You can loose your license and mess up your life, so think twice before you start the engine next time after a drink or two.
(I know that this is very rough outline but I have few more ideas how to make it better, like add some statistics.)
Crystal wharton
This is what i have so far!
General Purpose: To inform.
Specific Purpose: to inform my audience about the tools and equipment used in firefighting.
Thesis: firefighters use two types of equipment and many types of tools
Organizational Pattern: topical
Introduction
I. all of you have seen a firefighter and a fire truck
A.
B. by understanding the tools and equipment that firefighters use, you’ll have a better understanding of the strength and knowledge firefighters have.
II. I have always been interested in firefighting and the tools and equipment that they use.
A. my boyfriend is a firefighter, so I see all the tools and equipment they use.
B. with our society growing as rapidly as it is, fires are becoming more common.
C. when dealing with fires, firefighters use equipment and many types of tools.
III. there are two types of equipment and there are many types of tools, however, I will only tell you about eight types.
A. Equipment
a. Protective clothing
b. Breathing apparatus
B. tools
a. first there are axes
b. second there is cutting tools
c. third there are firefighter hand tools
d. fourth is power tools
e. fifth is forcible entry tools
f. sixth is non sparking tools
g. saws are seventh
h. welding equipment is eighth.
[First I will talk about the equipment then I will follow the order in which I listed the tools.]
Body
I. The protective clothing is the most recognizable aspect of firefighting.
A. The clothing worn by firefighters must provide protection from the heat of the fire as well as a tremendous array of physical hazards that are likely to be encountered inside a burning building, or in any of the other environments where the firefighters fight fires (Kelly, pg66).
B. the protective clothing must be tough enough to resist all of the hazards and still light and flexible enough to allow the user to move and work while wearing it
[The part of the human body that is most vulnerable to a fire environment is the respiratory system.(Kelly, pg 68]
II. the breathing apparatus help firefighters breathe while in burning buildings.
A. the first generation of breathing apparatus to be widely used by firefighters was the canister mask that used a filter to trap and particulate matter and a chemical cartridge to absorb and neutralize the carbon monoxide. This type of mask only worked well when the smoke contained only carbon particles and carbon monoxide (Kelly, pg 70).
B. The self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) that is in general use today dates back to just before WWII when the technology was developed to provide breathing for air for the crews of high-altitude aircraft (kelly, pg 70).
[NEED TRANSITION]
III. Axes are used for many things in firefighting
A. Pompier Axes have been used for confined space work and removing glass from windows. They are also used in attics and tight hallways. The user does not need to have a broad swing to provide effectiveness (Kelly, pg76).
B.
[TRANSITION]
IV. Cutting tools
A.
B.
[TRANSITION]
V. Firefighter hand tools
A.
B.
[TRANSITION]
VI. Power tools
A.
B.
[TRANSITION]
VII. Forcible Entry tools
A.
B.
[TRANSITION]
VIII. Non Sparking tools
A.
B.
[TRANSITION]
IX. Saws
A.
B.
[TRANSITION]
X. Welding tools
A.
B.
[TRANSITION]
Conclusion
I.
A.
B.
II.
A.
B.
References
Kelly, JoEllen J., ed. FireFighters. Hugh Lauter Levin Associates, Inc., 2003. 60-78
Nina Page
How Anorexia Nervosa has Effected Young Americans
General Purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: To inform the audience on how Anorexia Effects Young Americans.
Thesis: Young Americans today have been brain washed to believe that being skinny is the ideal perfect body.
Organizational Pattern: Cause and Effect
Introduction
I. What is the eating disorder Anorexia Nervosa?
A. Anorexia is an illness that usually effects young females but can also affect males.
B. People that are anorexic lose a lot of weight and are scared of gaining any weight.
C. Anorexic individuals intentionally starve themselves.
2. People who are anorexic are very thin people.
A. Anorexic people are very thin but convince themselves that they are fat.
B. They will use different techniques besides starving themselves to make sure that they lose weight.
3. When someone is anorexic there are certain signs and symptoms that are apparent.
A. Cause
B. Symptoms
C. Problems associated with anorexia
D. Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa.
[There are numerous different factors that drive young Americans to Anorexia Nervosa.]
1. The cause of anorexia nervosa.
A. The causes of Anorexia are inconclusive and vary from person to person.
B. Individuals with low self-esteem are those who are prone to becoming anorexic because they aren’t confident with themselves.
C. Also individuals that are perfectionist are more acceptable because of that obsession of having a perfect body and then they get carried away with the concept.
D. Anorexia also has the tendency to run in families, a sibling that has another sibling with the illness in 10 to 20 times more likable to develop Anorexia Nervosa.
E. A certain environment and certain behavioral influences can influence a person to become Anorexic.
[There are certain physical signs and behaviors that are apparent in someone who has Anorexia Nervosa.
1. The symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa.
A. Intentional Starvation with intention to lose weight,
B. The fear of gaining weight because of eating.
C. Refusing to eat when food is offered, calming that they are not hungry.
D. The obsession of exercising all the time to lose weight.
E. Having large amounts of hair on the body and face.
F. A female having irregular periods or no periods at all.
G. The self-perception of being fat when the person is really too thin.
H. Nails and hair are brittle and thin.
I. Skin is very dry and may turn yellow.
J. Anorexic people get cold easily.
K. Anorexic people are often very depressed.
[Because of these dangerous eating habits, anorexic people may have deadly health issues that will arise.
1. The medical problems associated with Anorexia Nervosa.
A. People with severe anorexia may become at risk of dieing from starvation.
B. Shrunken bones, mineral loss, irregular heartbeat, low body temperature, and permanent failure of body growth.
C. Become at risk of having the disease Osteoporosis and Bulimia Nervosa.
D. Prolonged use of laxatives can wear down the bowel muscles and decrease the function.
[There is a treatment for Anorexia Nervosa and the goal is to treat this deadly disease before it leads to death.]
1. The treatment for Anorexia Nervosa.
A. Individuals with severe anorexia need care in a Hospital.
B. Individuals with anorexia need counseling for at least a year or more to help their self esteem and treat the reason for the anorexia.
C. Some individuals need to take medication so they aren’t depressed about eating or feel out of control.
D. The medications that are prescribed are associated with the problems that they are being counseled.
E. Group therapy is often advised so people can share their experiences with others.
F. Some form of psychotherapy is needed to deal with underlying emotional issues.
G. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is sometimes used to change abnormal thoughts and behaviors.
[Anorexia is one of the hardest illnesses to overcome and it is sad that it affects so many young Americans today.]
Conclusion
A. Anorexia is a deadly illness.
B. It affects so many young Americans today that strive for what they are perceived to be the perfect body.
C. Hopefully when America sees what this is doing to our younger generation, then they will think twice about what they put out their for our young viewers to be the perfect body.
Reference:
www.familydoctor.org\063.xml
www.mamashealth.com/anorexia.asp
www.nami.org/helpline/anorexia.htm
www.msnbc.msn.com/id/10219756/site/newsweek
Sinclair Brown
Is Public Smoking Harmful
General Purpose: To inform.
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience that Public Smoking is Harmful.
Thesis: Secondhand smoke devastates the health of non-smokers.
Temporal Pattern
Introduction
I. Smoking has now become an epidemic plaque that continues to haunt the memories and minds of human beings affected all around the world.
A. With its negative and adverse effects to the human body, smoking is still
Highly prevalent in many developed and developing countries.
B. Smoking, although highly detrimental to health, has become an enjoyable activity to many people and has now evolved into a fashionable trend, intelligently marketed by tobacco companies (www.smokefreeworld.com,
2006, p.2)
II. People participate in smoking while engaged in conversation, drinking beverages, playing video games, and also to kill time.
A. Smoking doesn’t affect the individual smoker it affects those around them.
B. Legislators are limiting individual smoking privileges in public places called the Ban on Public Smoking because of high fatality.
III. An individual’s existence is based upon a few basic necessities, with the exception of a few people, which includes working, traveling, eating, and of course sleeping.
A. Some people can get away from doing some of those items, but for everyone else, this is it.
B. The majority of our time is spent participating in these activities and the government knows how to intrude on smoker’s perceived rights within almost each one.
C. Some people believe that they can do as they please as long as they do not pose an imminent or immediate threat to others around them.
D. With this in mind, smokers sometimes justify their smoking habits and disregard other people’s concerns about the individual’s well being because they feel smoking only affects themselves.
[Smoking is banned in many dining facilities]
Body
I. Certain states have also been more adamant towards banning smoking as they have banned smoking in public restraints.
A. Chain restraints operating in many different states often ban smoking based upon whether it is owned by the corporation or franchised to a local manager (www.smokefreeworld.com, 2006, p. 2).
B. This in turn makes it possible to find a restaurant that does not allow smoking in a restaurant even though the state has not passed a ban on public smoking in restaurants such as the state of Virginia.
C. The trend towards banning public smoking is pervasive in the United States with the exception of these states Alabama, Iowa, Louisiana, Michigan, Nevada, New Hampshire, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia (www.smokefreeworld.com, 2006, p. 2-14).
II. Smoking was banned in those public places mentioned above through the Senate Bill 394 which amends PA 368 also known as the Public Health Code (www.smokefreediningpetition.com, 2006, p. 1).
A. This bill states that: A food service establishment shall not allow smoking and a person shall not smoke in a food service establishment (www.smokefreediningpetition.com, 2006, p. 1).
B. The motive for passing such laws can be explained by a few important statistics that involves telling the tale of the other side.
III. Approximately 3,000 non-smokers die annually from lung cancer caused by secondhand smoke while about 35,000 die annually from heart disease caused by secondhand smoke (www.smokefreediningpetition.com, 2006, p. 2).
A. Now, it is becoming apparent that smokers, not only affect themselves, but can adversely affect others around them through the deadly chemicals of secondhand smoke.
B. . Secondhand smoke is a Group A carcinogen containing 4,000 chemicals including poisons such as formaldehyde, benzene, and hydrogen cyanide (www.smokefreediningpetition.com, 2006, p. 2).
C. Secondhand smoke causes 150,000 to 300,000 lower respiratory tract infections (such as pneumonia and bronchitis) in U.S infants and children (www.cdc.gov/tobacco/research, 2005, p.2).
[Let me summarize the Harmful effects of Public Smoking
Conclusion
I. The advantage of banning public smoking far outweighs the negative aspects, if any existed, and should be a measure every state takes.
A. A speedy acceptance statewide is shown to have been exhibited by the number of states that have adopted such policies, but some states still lag behind
B. It appears in the near future, this smoking ban will become inevitable for every public venue in the United States, with the only matter being how long it will take.
II. The health of our citizens is highly associated with this preventable disease as well as our children’s health.
III. Businesses will prosper more in the long run with this public ban with everyone breathing higher quality air, but most importantly, with a longer lifespan.
CDC (2005). Facts about Secondhand Smoke. Retrieved Novemeber 7, 2006 from http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/research_data/environmental/ets-fact.htm
Basham, Raymond (2005). Michigan Smoke-Free Dining Petition Drive. Retrieved Novemeber 7, 2006 from http://www.smokefreediningpetition.com/news.php
Smoke Free World, Inc. (2006). Smoke Free USA. States and Territories of the U.S.A. Retrieved Novemeber 7, 2006 from http://www.smokefreeworld.com/usa.shtml
Brad Crowder
Title: HDD what is that?
General purpose: To inform
Specific purpose: To inform my audience about the significance of hard drives and to help illustrate the different types of hard drives.
Thesis: What kind of hard drive your computer utilizes can make more of a difference then you think.
Organizational pattern: topical pattern
Introduction
1. Almost all of today’s generation has at least heard of hard drives, but many might not know exactly what they are used for.
A. Explain the basic functions of a hard drive.
B. By knowing this they are able to understand the importance of a HDD to a computer.
2. The size and capacity of HDD’s can be very different.
A. Laptops and desktops HDD’s are different sizes and often different capacity from one another.
B. As newer HDD’s come out they are smaller and have more capacity.
3. The components of a HDD
A. multiple platter coated with magnetic material.
B. The arm
C. Read and write head.
D. Sealed case.
4. Description of how a HDD works.
A. Storing and retrieval of data.
[the hard drive is a key component to the computers that we utilize]
Body
1. The hard drive is used to store data for your computer. Very important information is kept here such as the operating system, programs, and saved all kinds of saved files. Without the hard drive the computer would not even be able to function at all. There are many types of hard dives both internal and external.
2. The size and capacity also vary greatly. HDD’s are smaller than they used to be in older legacy computers. They also can hold much more data. In terms of new HDD’s the larger the capacity of the HDD the more expensive it tends to be. Laptop HDD’s are smaller or thinner than the desktop HDD’s and typically can’t hold as much data. The desktop hard drives usually spin at a faster rpm than the laptops meaning the ability to access data (from HDD) faster.
3. The hard drive is not that complicated, it is a mechanical device with few moving parts. There are the three two sided disks that are magnetically coated. The disks are spun at a certain rpm speed. While the disks are being spun the arm moves in an arc motion and the read/write head read or writes data. All of this is going on in the sealed HDD case that keeps dust and other particles out.
[Hard drives just like any are sure to advance greatly in the next few years.]
Conclusion
HDD’s are one of the most key components of computers and will continue to adapt to the changing ways of the future. If the trends continue then HDDS will become even smaller, hold more, and access data even faster.
References: wikipededia.com, computerhope.com/help/hdd.htm, and pcguide.com/ref/hdd
Joe Klapperich
General purpose: to inform
Specific Purpose: to inform about the rules and types of variations in the Sport of Paintball
Thesis: Paintball matches can be categorized into 5 main scenarios which are played across 3 different environments.
Organizational Pattern: Topical
Many people have heard of the sport of paintball, but most do not know how the game is played. They picture in their minds an open field with a swarming mass of idiots doing nothing more than randomly firing toy guns while aiming in a general direction. Due to this vague image, these people lack the ability to appreciate the true essence of paintball. They are ignorant to the various effects the environment has on the game as well as the ongoing tactical abilities a match requires the use of. For this reason I have chosen the subject of Paintball for my speech today. I intend to educate the ill informed of the 5 Main types of Paintball Scenarios and the 3 Primary Environments they may be played at an establishment.
However, in order to fully understand these specifics, we must address the different rules and procedures in which all of the scenarios and environments are bound to.
Intro
A) Rules of Paintball (4)
a. There are a few rules concerning paintball. These rules are in place for safety reasons.
b. Masks / Goggles MUST be worn at all times on the field. This is because of damage that can be caused if getting shot in the eyes.
c. Barrel covers MUST be kept on the Marker / gun when off the field or traveling between fields. This is to prevent misfires or trigger slips.
d. Your Paintball marker MUST not exceed the velocity set by the course. This is to prevent serious injury considering the paintball will be going anywhere between 250-300 fps (feet per second)
e. Honor system. If you are shot, you are obligated to call yourself out. If you do not, you could be kicked from the field or the entire establishment for the day.
B) Procedures of Paintball
a. The establishment may offer a Mandatory safety briefing before the players may be allowed on the field. This ensures that the players know what the rules and consequences of breaking set rules are.
b. Mandatory chronographing of the Paintball Markers. This Ensures that the markers are below or equal to the maximum safe velocity for the field. This is done as a safety requirement to cut down on injury.
c. Mandatory Liability Waiver which exempts the establishment from legal matters such as being sued for injury, stolen gear, etc
d. Players Split into Teams. This allows players a group of people to play against and with in order to complete the Scenarios and have fun.
C) Main Types of Paintball Scenarios
a. CTF – Capture the flag.
b. Survival –survive the longest
c. Attack and Defend – Cross between CTF and Survival.
d. Iron Man – An Endurance Game. Usually not played in establishments, but in private games can be fun.
e. Free For all – No rules. Usually no objective other than to shoot whomever moves or comes into view.
D) Types of Paintball environments (1)
a. Woodsball – Played in a natural environment.
b. Speedball – Very Fast paced. Played as a tournament setting
c. Scenarioball – A Paintball game that is made up to fit a certain profile. Ex Protect the President, Rescue Mission etc.
[Now that the basic rules and Procedures are known, we can now break down the main Scenarios and Environments into more detail]
Body
A) CTF
a. Each Team has a flag
b. The objective is to capture your opponent’s flag and return it to your base
B) Survival
a. Whomever lives the longest (solo or Team) wins
b. The Objective is to Take out the opposing Team without being hit
C) Attack and Defend
a. Mix between CTF and Survival
b. There is one team attacking, and the opposing team defends a base containing a flag.
c. The objective is to infiltrate the base and take the flag without dying.
D) Iron Man
a. One of the MOST painful types of scenario games that can be played in paintball
b. There is no penalty when shot by the opposing team
c. The only way you can be called “Out” or “Dead” is if you call yourself out.
d. Usually not played in a Paintball establishment but in a private field
E) Free for all
a. Usually played with friends on privately owned property
b. Never played in a paintball Establishment
c. Can be dangerous if the rules of the game are not followed.
A) Woodsball (2)
a. Woodsball is the original form of Paintball.
b. Played in a natural setting using Nature as a battleground.
c. Usually Played with a Multitude of players, but can be played in small groups
d. Gives more of a Hunter / Hunted feeling when played due to players taking the time to hunt down and stalk the opponents.
B) Speedball
a. Speedball is the Tournament form of Paintball
b. Usually played on a preset field with 2 teams
c. Very Fast Paced,
d. Always Exclusively Capture the Flag.
C) Scenarioball
a. Any Paintball game which gives a mission or storyline to follow
b. Many establishments play a Big game Scenario with prizes in this format
c. Can range from protecting or killing a specific target, conquering a neutral territory, or accomplishing a preset mission
d. Can last anywhere from 30 minutes to 1 week depending on the Scenario
i. Oklahoma D-day reenactment – an example of a week long Scenarioball event (3)
Conclusion
Hopefully this speech opens the minds of the people who believe that Paintball is just a mindless sport and encourages them to perceive
Sources Respectively
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paintball (1)
http://woodsball.paintball-canada.com/ (2)
http://www.oklahomadday.com/files/index1A.html (3)
http://www.agpaintballgames.com/general_restrictions.htm (4)
i need a lil more time to refinalize this draft
Defining Serial Killer
General Purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: Differences Between Mass Murderers and Serial Killers
Thesis: Serial Killers: Defining Serial Murder
Introduction
I. Mass Killers
A. mass murderers are generally apprehended or killed by police, commit suicide, or turn themselves in to authorities.
1. A number of victims are slain over a comparatively short span of time, usually hours, less often, days.
2. If the killings are committed in more than one location they are part of a ‘continuous’ action.
3. Victims are typically either selected at random and attacked or not on the momentary whim of the killer; or form part of a target group - again often arbitrarily chosen as ‘scapegoats’.
4. The killer frequently concludes his spree by taking his own life (though this may take the less obvious form of behaving so recklessly that armed law enforcement officers are obliged to shoot to kill.)
5. A Mass Killer usually attacks with a semi-automatic weapon.
6. The attack is usually made at a school, university or restaurant.
B. Serial killers, by contrast, usually make special efforts to elude detection.
Serial killers may continue to kill for weeks, months, and often years before they are found and stopped-if they are found at all.
1. Killings are separate (‘serial’), occurring with greater or less frequency, often escalating over a period of time, sometimes years, and will continue until the killer is taken into custody, dies, or is himself/herself killed.
2. In common with ‘normal’ homicides, killing tends to be one on one.
3. There is no (or very little ) previous connection between the perpetrator and the victim, the persons involved rarely being related.
4. Although there may be a ‘pattern’, or ‘victim’ trait, individual murders within a series rarely display a clearly defined or rational motive.
5. An increasingly greater spatial mobility (since the advent of the automobile) has enabled killers (if they wish) to move rapidly from one place to another, often before a murder has been discovered.
6. There is usually a high degree of redundant violence, or an ‘overkill’, where the victim is subjected to a disproportionate level of brutality.
7. Serial Killers usually stab or strangle their victims although some have been known to shoot their victims.
Wille (1974) identified ten different types of murderers covering a broad range of bio-socio-psychological categories:
1. depressive
2. psychotic
3. afflicted with organic brain disorder
4. psychopathic
5. passive aggressive
6. alcoholic
7. hysterical
8. juvenile (the child was the killer)
9. mentally retarded
10. sex killers
Lee (1988) also created a variety of labels to differentiate killers according to motive, including:
1. profit
2. passion
3. hatred
4. power or domination
5. revenge
6. opportunism
7. fear
8. contract killing
9. desperation
10. compassion
11. ritua
Frank Chunik
Technology Making Life Easier!
General Purpose: To inform
Specific Purpose: To elaborate on how image sensors have impacted today’s world.
Organizational Pattern:
Thesis: Image sensors are a major step towards future technology
Introduction
I. Whether they know it or not, most everyone has been exposed to the technology of image sensors in one form or another.
A. The use of image sensors is commonly taken for granted.
B. When you stop and look at the image sensor you can fully appreciate the connivance it provides.
II. Learning about new technology has always fascinated me, but the fabrication of the image sensor is most significant.
[You can better understand how image sensors work, by looking at what kind of devices image sensors are used in.]
Body
I. There’s a variety of devices image sensors are used in, all of which are based on a photographic element.
A. Image sensors are utilized in a variety of applications
B. You use multimedia devices that are based off image sensor technology
a. Such as, automotive, medical, computing, security, commercial/industrial, and various other consumer electronics.
b. Such as, digital cameras, digital video recorders, cell phones, motion devices, etc.
[Knowing what they’re used for we can now look at image sensors with more detail, the actual process they carry out.]
II. Taking in light and converting that to a format the device understands.
A. The process is made possible by many complex components
B. Components work together to give you the process that produces the image.
[To sum it all up the process of an image sensor and how they benefit us.]
Conclusion
I. The entire process of image sensors can be broken into
References
Rafael C. Gonzalez, and Richard E. Woods. (2001). Digital Processing
http://ee.sharif.edu/~dip/Files/GonzalezSampleChapter.pdf
http://www.shortcourses.com/pixels/sensors/0-sensors.htm
http://www.micron.com/applications/automotive/index.aspx
Generated the basic structure, I need to go back with my research and fill in the detail.
v-tec and i-vtec
By: Noel Valladares
Speech draft
There are 3 different kinds of v-tic that I know that pretty much do the same thing. V-TEC and I-VTEC was first known or more like invented in Japan. These engines with V-TEC were only made for Honda. Back in the days V-TEC was only made for sports car such as Integra GS-R, Integra TYPE-R, civic EX, civic SI, S 2000, RSX Type S, NSX, and can go on. Now in the U.S there are fords that can be purchased with Z-TEC that pretty much does the same thing but only on newer cars like ford focus SVT. These systems were made for a lot more horse power and torque. A regular Honda civic with non V-TEC has about 109-120 hp with about 80-92 torque and a Honda civic SI has around 162-175 hp and 140-153 torque-TEC stands for Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control, really it should be called VVTLEC but it’s a real tongue twist so Japanese came up with V-TEC. This system has a bigger set of cams and pistons but also 2 of the cams are called the low rpm and the other 2 are the high rpms. That produces more oil pressure, also while V-TEC kicks in it also demand for more fuel and air after 4800 rpm and can possibly red line from 6800 to about 8300rpm but varies on what you’ve modified or what you drive. The I –VTEC does the same thing but no longer kick in about 4800rpm its starts from the go. The I stand for Intelligent Valve Electronic Control. Onnoticed but there is a major advantage of I-VTEC is the reduction in engine emissions, High class intake and better combustion allows more air-fuel ratio control. This results in reduced emissions. Variable control of camshaft timing has allowed
Honda to eliminate the EGR system. Exhaust gases are now retained in the cylinder when necessary by changing camshaft timing. This also reduces emissions without hindering performance. Also VTEC operates on oil pressure. The computer tells a solenoid to open up and the oil pressure moves a pin into place activating extra rocker arms that contact different cam lobes. The zetec is also a from of vtec but not quite the same, zetec just give you better gas mileage and also reduces the for of piston injects to the solenoids to reduce any over heating and valves bends. It is a great system but not like an originally vtec that actually gives you more horse power and torque as well. I recommend that if you are deciding to get a Honda in the future you should always look forward in getting a i-vtec engine not just for speed but better gas mileage and little more performance. V-tec is now available for non vtec and can be installed, it’s not easy but it is possible. Vtec can also be purchased on some Honda motorcycles especially on RVT, ivtec can not be purchased but what you can do is buy a vtec controller. A vtec controller has to be installed on a vtec car, also what it does is that you can control weather you want to start vtec from the go or adjust it to whatever you want.
Noel Valladares
What do you hope to gain from this course?
Noel Valladares
Com110 (principle of speech)
Essay
I think that this class would be real important to me and will teach me a lot. I have heard a lot about it and how hard it is and how so many just quit. Yeah it probably is true but in the future not everything is easy. Perhaps you will get frustrated or you might have a job that will work fast and will keep you busy, so you cant always quit, drop-out, or expect that its always easy. During these 2 meeting that we already had I have seen that the class is going real fast and also it covering many chapters in one day. I think that in the future you always have to be professional and talk it, look like it, and act like it. One problem that I have is that im shy and not a great speaker with so many people watching me. Another problem would be that I get pretty nervous and definitely move a lot, put hand in pocket etc. I think that this course will do a lot for me and teach me a lot as long as I go to every meeting. I am not a quitter and always like to do something once, keep trying but it won’t be easy.
In this course we are learning about defining word, what they mean and how to express my self. What I want to in this class is to learn something that will really help me in the future and that hopefully will look and sound more professional. Reading and writing are not my strongest subject so I think that it will be little hard but it don’t mean that it’s not possible. There are also so many students that tell me to quit or drop it out and take it online, but we are all human and if you try hard you can make it. I think or what I’ve seen is that so far this is the hardest class that I’ve been in and the fastest one. I would like to prove to my self that I can do it and if I got my self in school is because I want to achieve my goal the right way, not by cheating or always finding the easy way out. This class is going to teach me a lot and like I said I want to pass it and know that I really did it all by myself. I am looking forward to do great and to try to get the most I can out of it. This is one of the hardest classes like the teacher has said a lot have dropped out. I am going to try hard and hopefully I learn the best out of it and to help me in the future.
Heidy Heath
COM 110
11/29/06
Cigarette Smoking
General Purpose: To inform people about cigarettes smoking.
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience the statistics of tobacco use in the United States and the effects of cigarettes use in our bodies.
Thesis: Tobacco use is the single most preventable cause of death in the United States.
Introduction:
1. There are more than 440.000 Americans that die of tobacco related disease.
A, - Cigarettes smoking is responsible for more than 30 percent of cancer deaths annually in the United States.
B, - Smoking also contributes substantially to death from heart diseases, stroke, and chronic obstruction pulmonary disease.
2. According to current estimates 21% of Americans adults (44.5 million individuals) and 22% of Americans High School student (3.75 million individuals) smoke.
A, - Tobacco use is an enormous economic problem on the society.
B. - from 1995 to 1999 estimated annual smoking attributable economic costs in the United States were $75.5 billion for direct medical care for adults and 81.9 billion for lost productivity.
3. Tobacco use is a big problem in the US because it can lead to a lot of death.
A, - chemical found on cigarettes
B,-Lung Cancer
C, - Secondhand smoking
(Many people think that smoking cigarettes is not going to affect their health but this statement is not right because smoking affects peoples life every time they smoke because cigarettes have a lot of chemicals)
Body:
1..-Harmful chemicals are found in cigarettes
A, - cigarettes contain about 4.000 chemicals agents.
B, - Over 60 carcinogens
2. - The Chemicals are poisonous and toxic to the human body,
A. - Carbon monoxide, tar, arsenic, and lead.
B, - Nicotine is responsible for a person’s addiction to tobacco products.
C, - Nicotine is similar to the addiction produced by using heroin and cocaine.
(Most of the chemical mentions are toxic for our body which will commonly lead to an illness)
3. - Cigarettes smoking cause 87 percent of lung cancer death in the United States/
A, - Tar is one of the chemical that lead to lung cancer.
B. - Lung cancer has a lot of different symptoms that will make people to be hospitalized.
(There are people that get lung cancer and they don’t smoke this is also known as secondhand smoke)
4.-Exponsure to secondhand smoke
A. - The health risk caused by cigarettes smoking are not limited to smokers.
B, - The US Environmental Protection Agency has estimated the exposure to secondhand smoke.
1,-seconhand cause about 3000 lung cancer deaths among nonsmokers.
2, -secondhand smoke is responsible for up to 300.000 cases of lower respiratory tract infection in children up to 18 months of age.
Conclusion:
1. - Tobacco use is the single most preventable cause of death in the US.
A. - tobacco is responsible for about 30% of all cancer deaths in the US.
B. - Smoking costs the US about 75.5 billion of dollars in medical care to adults and about 81.9 billion for lost productivity.
2.-Tobacco use study show that about 70% of people want to quit smoking but about 5 % make it.
A, - Almost 25% of 12 grades have smoked in the previous 30 days.
B. - almost all adults’ daily smokers have tried cigarettes before age 18 years.
4. - By knowing the cause and effects that cigarettes have in our body can helps you teach other people to make better decision about smoking. It is also good to keep in mind the amount of money the government spends because of the use of tobacco.
Reference:
Cigarettes Smoking and Cancer, National Cancer institute
Htt://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Tabacco/cancer
Tobacco Use Prevention, Cessation, and control, National Institutes of Health States of the Science Conference Statement
Htt://consensus.nih.gov/2006/TobaccoStatementFinal090506.pdf
Alicia Clark
Informative Outline
11-29-06
Roux-En-Y (Roo-en-why) Gastric Bypass Surgery
Specific Purpose: To inform the audience about Gastric Bypass Surgery
Thesis: Gastric Bypass is the most popular Weight Loss Surgery in the United States
Introduction
I. What is Morbid Obesity?
A. Obesity becomes morbid when the excess weight increases the risk of one or more obesity related health problems. Sometimes called “Clinically Severe Obesity”.
B. Also can be catatogorized as being 100lbs or more over the ideal bodyweight.
C. Having a Body Mass index of 40 or higher.
[Many health problems follow with Morbidly Obese]
II. Obesity related Health Problems reduce life expectancy.
A. Type 2 Diabetes : People who are obese become resistant to insulin which regulates blood sugar level, they end up with High Blood Sugar which causes Type 2 Diabetes.
B. High Blood Pressure: The heart doesn’t pump right when the body carries around excess weight, so many obese end up with High Blood Pressure which can lead to strokes, and damage heart and kidneys.
C. Respiratory Problems: Fat deposits in the tongue and neck block air passages and cause respiratory distress during sleep, and even in as little action and walking up stairs.
[The results of Gastric Bypass can give you back your life instead of death]
III. Gastric Bypass works in 2 ways
A. Restricts food intake by surgically creating a small stomach pouch, when eating
the pouch fills quickly and gives a feeling up being full sooner. You eat less.
B. Malabsorption: Changes in the bodies ability to absorb calories from foods. The
Doctor changes the system by rerouting past part of the stomach and a portion of
Small intestine. Most of the calories pass without being absorbed which causes
Person to loose weight rapidly.
[When using this method there are many advantages]
VI. Advantages of Gastric Bypass
A. 83.7% of Diabetes are Resolved. Resolution often occurs within days of surgery.
B. Substantial weight loss of 61.6% of excess weight is lost.
C. 96.9% of high cholesterol cases as resolved
D. 75.4% of High Blood Pressure cases are resolved.
[ Even with the good there are risks and disadvantages]
V. Disadvantages
A. Poor absorption of calories also mean poor absorption of iron, calcium, and other
Vitamins in the body. Anemia is present with low iron will have to take
multivitamin several times a day forever.
B. Metabolic bone Disease causes bone pain, loss in height, humpback, and easily
fractured bones due to lack of nutrition.
C. Parts of stomach and large intestine cannot be seen easily in an x-ray or endoscope if there is a problem such as ulcers, bleeding, or malignancy.
D. Procedure is permanent and non reversible.
[In conclusion having this surgery has many benefits and risks which may cause some people to think before taking this extreme action]
Works Cited
WWW.bariatricedge.com
Corrupt Cops
What do you think of when someone mentions a corrupt cop? How do you feel? What do you expect when you call 911? To me, I expect a cop to be there to help me and/or save me. As for a corrupt cop; to me that means a bad cop. But a corrupt cop can have many meanings, as you will learn from my report.
Police Code of Conduct
The Police Code of Conduct is a set of principles and guidelines for police officers to follow. This code does not seek to restrict officers’ discretion. The code of conduct consist of :
• Honesty and Integrity. Officers should therefore be open and truthful in their dealings.
• Politeness and Tolerance. Officers should treat people with courtesy and respect.
• Use of Force and abuse of authority. Officers must never knowingly use more force than is reasonable.
• Performance of Duties. Officers should be conscientious and diligent in the performance of their duties.
• Lawful Orders. Officers must obey all lawful orders and abide by the provisions of police regulations.
• Confidentiality. Officers should respect, as confidential, information about force policy and operations unless authorized to disclose it in course of their duties.
• Criminal Offenses. Officers must report any proceedings for a criminal offense taken against them.
• Property. Officers must exercise reasonable care to prevent loss or damage to property.
• Sobriety. An on duty officer must be sober.
• Appearance. Officers should always be well turned out, clean, and tidy on duty uniform or in plain cloths.
• General Conduct. Police officers should not behave in a way which is likely to bring discredit upon the police service.
Definition of Corruption
Corruption is a general concept of describing any organized, interdependent system in which part of the sytem is either not performing duties it was originally intended to, or performing them in an improper way, to the detriment of the systems original purpose.
Definition of Police Corruption
Police corruption is a specific form of police misconduct sometimes involving political corruption, and generally designed to gain a financial or political benefit for a police officer or officers in exchange for not pursuing, or selectively pursuing, an investigation or arrest.
Corrupt Cop gets six years in prison for fake drug charges
Officer Williams was found guilty in April in Federal court of obstruction of justice and making false statements to a federal official. He falsely arrested several people for possession of crack cocaine in August 2001. The arrest were part of misconduct dating to 1996. Williams was acquitted of two counts of criminal civil rights violation and one of possessing crack with the intent to distribute. Catherine Hanaway said, “It is hard to imagine that a police officer intentionally creates evidence against an innocent person which leads to that person serving a term of imprisonment.”
Its very hard to trust the police, since almost everyone knows that certain police officers engage in conduct which is simply beyond the pale.
Definition of Police Brutality
Police Brutality is a term used to describe the excessive use of physical force, assault, verbal attacks, and threats by police officers and other law enforcement officers. This term can also be used to apply such behavior used by a police officer.
I have more cases to put in this report as well as citing my work! I WILL CITE MY WORK! I also have more information to put in just wanted to post what I had so I can get credit for it!
Thank you
Patricia
alJo Webb
11/28/06
J. Grant
COM110
VIRGINIA HELMET LAWS
FREEDOM OF CHOICE
General Purpose: To Inform
Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the issues
involved in the legislative debate.
Thesis: Are helmet laws really necessary,
Or should those who ride decide?
Organizational Pattern: Cause-Effect/Effect-Cause
Introduction
I. I’m sure everyone knows that Virginia requires everyone that rides a motorcycle to wear a helmet, it’s the law.
A. Virginia motorcycle enthusiasts have been trying for years to have the helmet law reformed, so the choice to ride with or without a helmet would be left up to the rider to decide.
B. After a closer look at the statistics and supporting issues, I believe you will have a better understanding of exactly what the helmet
law debate is really a about.
II. I have strongly supported to have the helmet law reformed. I personally feel that to wear a helmet should be a matter of choice.
A. Personally I feel that helmets can be more of a hazard than a safety device.
B. Helmets affect your hearing and severely reduce your peripheral vision, which alone can be extremely dangerous. Not even having mentioning how uncomfortable helmets can be especially in the summer months.
III. Legislative reasons for helmet laws / or are they really reasons?
A. Helmets make motorcycles safe / do they really?
B. People who ride motorcycles don’t usually have insurance, so it’s mandatory for all to wear helmets. Because the m/c accidents and fatalities cost the taxpayers too much / as opposed to what?
C. Mandatory helmet laws prevent fatalities / are you sure?
D. Helmets are part of a rider’s safety equipment and are meant to protect the head at any speed and any conditions. Can helmets do more harm than good?
(Statistics from various sources showing no significant effect
on the probability of a fatality or an accident by use of a helmet.)
Body
I. State of Virginia is one of 20 states that have a mandatory helmet law. Wearing helmets limit peripheral vision and decrease overall hearing capabilities.
A. Rider fatigue results from long use of helmets and they are extremely uncomfortable to wear, especially in hot summer months.
B. Helmets obstruct the peripheral view of the operator as well as limit the hearing of the motorcyclist.
[Statistics show helmets limit protection and don’t guarantee to prevent fatalities]
II. Statistically it is shown that past a critical impact velocity to the helmet (approximately 13 mph or over). Gravitational forces are dependent on speed, and a doubling of speed quadruples the “G-forces”.
A. Fact: Helmets are statistically found to effectively reduce severity of head injuries
B. Fact: As shown the statistically significant effects which increase the severity of neck Injuries; anytime a helmet is subject to a critical impact velocity (approximately 13 mph or more).
1) Example: In a simulated 40 mph collision, the helmeted test dummy received 1000 foot-pounds of force.
2) Crash test results show the head can briefly encounter 25‘G’s amounting to 250 pounds, in an accident at impact of 35mph.
3) In real life accident situations becomes a tradeoff between head and neck injuries for the potential helmet user. Past the critical impact speed of the helmet (13 mph), which is most likely to occur, helmet use reduces the severity of head injuries at the expense of increasing the severity of neck injuries.
(All of the following issues are important, need to explain with unquestionable clarity
Note: To mention dates on ppt: cites of interests, etc )
III. Policy Implications
A. If the major concern of the policy makers is the prevention of fatalities, helmet legislation may not be effective in achieving that objective.
B. If the cost to society of motorcycle accidents is the issue, then cost-benefit analyses that adequately consider the tradeoff between head and neck injuries must be conducted before the cost effectiveness of helmets can be determined.
C. The injury tradeoff issue cannot be concluded that mandatory helmet laws are an effective way to deal with the slaughter and maiming of riders involved in accidents.
D. A more effective policy approach would be to include both policies to prevent accidents and policies that reduce the probability of death and the severity of injuries.
E. Have more general public driver education available, as well as additional motorcyclist training courses, which are required to be licensed.
F. Backed up by stricter alcohol related policies and awareness programs.
(Just a quick summary of what I just went over)
CONCLUSION
I. Ultimately there are many reasons to support the reform of the VA helmet law, and questions/concerns regarding legislative reasoning for debate on the topic.
A. There is a law stating those who ride a motorcycle are required to wear a helmet.
B. Major reasons opposing the Mandatory Helmet law now affecting 20 states nationwide.
C. Helmets decrease over-all peripheral vision of operator
D. Helmets extremely reduce hearing of operator
E. Helmets are not guaranteed to prevent motorcycle fatalities.
F. If an accident occurs, helmet use could provide more benefit than, no helmet.
G. Helmets are shown to prevent or limit head injuries, but are the cause of most neck injuries when point of impact is greater than 13 mph.
II. Helmet law information can/should be researched in its entirety before making a fully informed decision and can be located in many places but I have selected a few below.
A. ABATE of VA - Virginia Chapter for American Bikers Aiming Toward
Education - http://www.abateofva.com
B. VCOM - Virginia Coalition of Motorcyclists - http://www.vcomonline.org
C. MSF - Motorcycle Safety Foundation - http://www.msf-usa.org
III. Being aware of these essential supporting facts provides the ability for one to make an informed decision regarding the current Motorcycle helmet law.
Hopefully this has helped to inform you on why it is important to be able to make your decision about whether to wear a helmet or not, the choices that you need to make for yourself as a person. They should not be made for you!
Let those who ride decide. Live and let live. As always lookout for the other guy!!!!!
Works Cited
,
Bjornstad, Harvey, Mandatory Motorcycle Helmets ,
Bridgeport Books, Glendale, CA, 1996
Cooter, Rodney D., M.D., Fatal Facts About Helmets,
http://www.primenet.com, 19/05/00, 02 Dec 06.
Goldstein, Jonathan P., Ph. D., The Effect of Motorcycle Helmet Use on the Probability of Fatality and the Severity of Head and Neck Injuries,
http://www.bikersrights.com/statistics/goldstein.html, 09 Dec 06
Forbes. Com, The Wild One, Forbes Magazine Article,
http://www.forbes.com/fyi/1999/0503/04, 05 AUG 01, 03 DEC 06.
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